Grey literature is the information created by organizations such as government agencies, professional associations, research institutes, and think tanks that is not published in scholarly journals or books. This includes:
- technical papers
- government reports
- white papers
- theses
- dissertations
- conference proceedings
- pre-print journal articles
Grey literature is produced by researchers and practitioners in a field, and is an important component of a thorough literature review due to its depth and breadth, timeliness, flexibility, and open access.