Gray literature is the information created by organizations such as government agencies, professional associations, research institutes, and think tanks that are not published in scholarly journals or books. This includes:
- Technical papers
- Government reports
- White papers
- Theses & Dissertations
- Conference Proceedings
- Pre-print journal articles
Gray literature is produced by researchers and practitioners in a field and is an important component of a thorough literature review due to its depth and breadth, timeliness, flexibility, and open access.
